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WR
Study-note
Index | | |
 COMBINED
 GENERAL
- INTRODUCTION
This list provides the titles and summaries of the study-notes that were originally produced in
support of the Natural
Resources Institute's short course and MSc programmes. The study-notes were first referred to as "Forestry
Factsheets".
They vary from two to six pages long and are available as paper or electronic copies.
Some of the study-notes are available in different languages and format, indicated under the title:
French, Spanish, English
text in Phrase Profiling format.
Supporting documents are being prepared for many titles: a graphical Mindmap which summarises
the contents, a
Worksheet that provides questions, exercises and key references for further study, and a Checklist which
helps the reader
make sure that the lessons learnt are being put into practice.
Use the index-map to scroll around to find a topic, and click on the numbered title.
To return to the index-map, use the topmost button on each page
- 78 Whole Resources
English / Phrase profiled
To understand and take due account of ecological services in decision making, it is important to consider
all the resources
available for development and how they should be managed as an integrated whole. This study-note describes
a
framework that attempts to synthesise existing concepts.
- 85 Footprints on the Land
English
This study-note reproduces extracts from the document: Living Planet Report 2000, published by
WWF International.
DEVELOPMENT
- 51 Resources and Development
English / Mindmap (1-4)
The development of people, communities and countries should result in improved well-being for all. How
we achieve well-being depends on the way we meet our needs from the resources available to us. We face
many challenges in doing this. A
range of tools and techniques has been devised to help us. This fact-sheet provides as introduction
to the resources,
constraints and ways of promoting sustainable development.
- 48 Changing Approaches to Development
English
The last few decades have seen a change from the belief in technical solutions to the problems of population
growth and
deterioration in quality and quantity of global natural resources, to one based upon local people acting
as stewards for the
lasting well being of the environment in which they live and work. Poverty and conservation of the environment
is being
addressed through sustainable livelihoods and reduction of dependence upon the State. Many agencies
are looking for
greater lasting impact of the projects they are willing to fund through better management techniques.
Targets for action have
been set and measurable indicators of impact are a current preoccupation.
- 52 The Livelihoods Approach
English / French / Phrase profiled / Mindmap (1-2)
The “livelihood approach” is a tool to plan and implement development assistance. It starts with the
people that need
assistance. It helps understand - from the people’s viewpoint - how to improve the way they make a living.
It was designed
to focus on the issues that cause poverty, but can be applied to a wide range of situations.
- 79 Making a living
English
This factsheet provides a framework of knowledge for understanding how people, as individuals or in
groups, make a
living. It builds on the livelihoods approach, but tries to cover all issues in all walks of life -
not just rural or poor.
- 42 Multidisciplinary Approaches
English / Spanish
The need for forestry advice has moved outside the forest boundaries. Even within forest areas, the
purpose of forest
management may well extend beyond the immediate objectives of producing timber and non-timber products
and
conserving forest resources. In the three examples discussed here, the forestry adviser is a key player
in a multidisciplinary
team addressing wider development concerns.
FORESTRY
- GENERAL
- 1 Forests, foresters and forestry.
English / Phrase profiled
Forests have provided the raw materials for the development of civilization throughout history. Their
over-use can result in
catastrophic environmental degradation. This introduction to forests and forestry sets the scene for
a clearer understanding
of the place of tropical forests in the global environment, and also underpins future discussion of
tropical forest ecology and
management.
- 5 Halting deforestation
English
There is no single way to conserve forests. Many actions by many actors are needed, all based on an
understanding of the
causes of deforestation, the costs and benefits of forests, and the needs of people and nations. Priority
of action will vary
with country. Underlying causes must be tackled first.
- 8 The sustainable use of forests
English / Spanish
Tropical forests provide many benefits. These benefits can continue indefinitely so long as the factors
which govern their
mutual compatibility and renewal are understood and respected when planning and taking actions on a
national and global
scale. Sustainable management is an important concept in modern development plans for wooded areas.
- 80 Forest mythconceptions
English / Phrase profiled
There is a lot of misinformation, misunderstanding and simple myths in forestry This study-note, in
the form of a series of
simple and concise answers makes a start at dispelling some of them.
Also available in HTML on the AMJR website
- 98 Conservacion
Spanish
- SILVICULTURE
- 11 Timber harvesting in natural tropical forests
English / Spanish
Natural moist forests in the tropics contain trees of many species, ages and characteristics. Harvesting
them for timber is
difficult. The forest will always be transformed from its original state and may not grow back as expected.
Careful control
of logging and the use of silvicultural techniques is necessary if the forest is to provide a sustainable
supply of timber. This
factsheet explains how forest management can be introduced to ensure sustainability.
- 15b Tropical silviculture in semi-natural forest
English
The development of systematic silviculture in the tropics is largely recent phenomenon, with European
silvicultural models
being heavily relied upon in the early 1900s. The species richness of tropical moist forest has presented
a major challenge
to understand the forest ecology, upon which silviculture is based. The number of systems developed
so far is limited and
few have survived for long periods (i.e. beyond the first rotation) or over large areas to proved themselves
as viable
systems. Therefore much remains to be done to establish sound silviculture in semi-natural forest. This
is one of the major
challenges facing the Forest Departments throughout the tropics.
- 15 Logging and conservation
English
A considerable amount of literature has recently been published on how best to conserve the remaining
area of natural
forest in the tropics. In particular, the compatibility of sustained yield timber harvesting with other
conservation objectives
has been questioned. This debate has focused attention on the need to clearly define what is meant be
sustainable forest
management; to further our understanding of the economic and social-political context of forest conservation;
and to better
quantify the benefits of managing tropical forest for biodiversity and production of timber and other
forest products.
- 12 Why use more tropical timber species?
English / Spanish
Tropical moist forests contain many tree species, only a few of which are harvested for timber. Foresters
recommend that
a wider range should be used. This does not mean that more forests will be degraded or destroyed - rather,
that forests
designated for timber production will be used more efficiently as their management can be more flexible.
This factsheet
explains why.
- 96 Gestion forêts naturelles
French
- 97 Plantations
French
- 105 Programa para la mejora del arbol in Nepal
Spanish
- 95 Suivi feux
French
La préparation des champs, l’exploitation forestière, la chasse, le braconnage, et même la régénération
de certaines
espèces d’arbres, sont autant de facteurs qui requièrent l'usage du feu à un moment ou un autre. La
répétition de nombreux
feux incontrôlés au cours du temps peut dévaster de larges territoires, provoquant une perte significative
de biomasse et le
dégagement d’importantes quantités de gaz et d'aérosols. Les feux de végétation sont une préoccupation
mondiale,
affectant une grande partie de la population, des écosystèmes et du climat. L’augmentation continue
de la population
provoque une augmentation correspondante de la pression sur les ressources naturelles. La gestion des
feux doit être
améliorée localement pour réaliser le meilleur compromis entre les bienfaits du feu pour une existence
humaine durable et
ses impacts sur le climat et les ressources naturelles mondiales.
- 95 Suivi feux (illustr)
- AGROFORESTRY
- 106 Sistemas Agropecuarios
Spanish
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